1
00:00:09,990 --> 00:00:07,030
so again nasa astronaut scott kelly

2
00:00:13,110 --> 00:00:10,000
spending an entire year in orbit set to

3
00:00:14,549 --> 00:00:13,120
come home in march of next year and as

4
00:00:16,790 --> 00:00:14,559
mentioned working on that fine motor

5
00:00:19,429 --> 00:00:16,800
skill study one of many one-year

6
00:00:22,070 --> 00:00:19,439
investigations currently taking place on

7
00:00:23,750 --> 00:00:22,080
board the international space station

8
00:00:25,670 --> 00:00:23,760
much of those

9
00:00:27,429 --> 00:00:25,680
set up and subscribed by nasa's human

10
00:00:28,630 --> 00:00:27,439
research program

11
00:00:30,790 --> 00:00:28,640
also has

12
00:00:31,910 --> 00:00:30,800
another set of investigations 10 in

13
00:00:33,670 --> 00:00:31,920
total

14
00:00:35,590 --> 00:00:33,680
that are looking into among other things

15
00:00:37,590 --> 00:00:35,600
the differences that space flight

16
00:00:39,830 --> 00:00:37,600
actually has on scott kelly

17
00:00:41,750 --> 00:00:39,840
when compared to his twin brother mark

18
00:00:43,430 --> 00:00:41,760
kelly former nasa astronaut here on

19
00:00:46,709 --> 00:00:43,440
earth and what we're going to be able to

20
00:00:48,709 --> 00:00:46,719
learn from it lori meigs is standing by

21
00:00:50,630 --> 00:00:48,719
at the payload operations integration

22
00:00:52,630 --> 00:00:50,640
center at nasa's marshall space flight

23
00:00:54,069 --> 00:00:52,640
center with more lori

24
00:00:56,069 --> 00:00:54,079
think about all of the data that comes

25
00:00:57,990 --> 00:00:56,079
back from just one experiment and

26
00:00:59,830 --> 00:00:58,000
imagine trying to make sense of it all

27
00:01:01,670 --> 00:00:59,840
and now you have twice as much data

28
00:01:03,910 --> 00:01:01,680
because you're studying scott kelly in

29
00:01:05,990 --> 00:01:03,920
space and mark kelly on earth i met one

30
00:01:11,429 --> 00:01:06,000
man who's doing just that as part of the

31
00:01:15,429 --> 00:01:13,350
so tell me what is your study

32
00:01:17,910 --> 00:01:15,439
the studies actually to understand an

33
00:01:21,109 --> 00:01:17,920
incredible detail biochemical

34
00:01:22,870 --> 00:01:21,119
physiological and i guess even cellular

35
00:01:24,390 --> 00:01:22,880
what happens to people when they get

36
00:01:26,469 --> 00:01:24,400
launched in the space and they're up

37
00:01:28,630 --> 00:01:26,479
there for a long period of time

38
00:01:29,670 --> 00:01:28,640
our job on this team it's really a team

39
00:01:31,590 --> 00:01:29,680
project

40
00:01:33,749 --> 00:01:31,600
is to be able to integrate massive

41
00:01:36,149 --> 00:01:33,759
amounts of data so a variety of

42
00:01:38,630 --> 00:01:36,159
different labs i'll be collecting data

43
00:01:40,469 --> 00:01:38,640
on one of the brothers it's actually in

44
00:01:42,550 --> 00:01:40,479
space there's another identical twin

45
00:01:46,389 --> 00:01:42,560
brothers on the ground we're going to

46
00:01:48,630 --> 00:01:46,399
compare them one as i say is in space uh

47
00:01:50,630 --> 00:01:48,640
it's living life and experience based

48
00:01:52,069 --> 00:01:50,640
life and the other one's on the ground

49
00:01:54,069 --> 00:01:52,079
and we're going to see how they differ

50
00:01:55,429 --> 00:01:54,079
there was a nice control for the others

51
00:01:57,270 --> 00:01:55,439
so to speak

52
00:01:58,950 --> 00:01:57,280
kind of a once in a lifetime chance

53
00:02:00,870 --> 00:01:58,960
right that's for sure there's very

54
00:02:02,789 --> 00:02:00,880
unique mission no question

55
00:02:04,870 --> 00:02:02,799
what excites you about it

56
00:02:06,789 --> 00:02:04,880
i think we're very interested in this

57
00:02:09,510 --> 00:02:06,799
issue of how do

58
00:02:10,550 --> 00:02:09,520
perturbations change people's health if

59
00:02:12,710 --> 00:02:10,560
you will

60
00:02:14,470 --> 00:02:12,720
and there's no bigger perturbation

61
00:02:17,030 --> 00:02:14,480
perhaps than getting launched into space

62
00:02:18,790 --> 00:02:17,040
and spending a year up in space

63
00:02:20,390 --> 00:02:18,800
there just is no other study like that

64
00:02:22,790 --> 00:02:20,400
and we're very interested in just in

65
00:02:24,309 --> 00:02:22,800
general how do perturbations of all

66
00:02:26,390 --> 00:02:24,319
sorts

67
00:02:28,710 --> 00:02:26,400
what do they do to the human body and

68
00:02:31,110 --> 00:02:28,720
we'd like to understand that and ideally

69
00:02:33,670 --> 00:02:31,120
use that information to either

70
00:02:35,270 --> 00:02:33,680
help cure them if a problem arises from

71
00:02:37,670 --> 00:02:35,280
this or even prevent

72
00:02:40,150 --> 00:02:37,680
any adverse effects from occurring when

73
00:02:42,550 --> 00:02:40,160
people are put in these rather unusual

74
00:02:44,070 --> 00:02:42,560
situations so what's the process how do

75
00:02:45,589 --> 00:02:44,080
you study it

76
00:02:47,670 --> 00:02:45,599
well what's happening here is we're

77
00:02:49,350 --> 00:02:47,680
drawing blood in urine and actually

78
00:02:51,190 --> 00:02:49,360
they're poop

79
00:02:53,670 --> 00:02:51,200
and we're studying all the biochemical

80
00:02:55,910 --> 00:02:53,680
molecules that are in those basically

81
00:02:58,390 --> 00:02:55,920
all their dna and their rna and their

82
00:03:00,630 --> 00:02:58,400
proteins and their metabolites so all

83
00:03:03,110 --> 00:03:00,640
their whole collection of molecules and

84
00:03:05,030 --> 00:03:03,120
by doing by literally making

85
00:03:06,949 --> 00:03:05,040
millions if not billions of measurements

86
00:03:07,910 --> 00:03:06,959
you can actually see the changes that

87
00:03:09,670 --> 00:03:07,920
occur

88
00:03:11,990 --> 00:03:09,680
when they're first launched in the space

89
00:03:14,229 --> 00:03:12,000
when they're up in space for a while

90
00:03:15,030 --> 00:03:14,239
uh if one of them is actually getting

91
00:03:17,110 --> 00:03:15,040
them

92
00:03:19,190 --> 00:03:17,120
flu vaccination we can see what happens

93
00:03:20,949 --> 00:03:19,200
with their immune response when they're

94
00:03:22,470 --> 00:03:20,959
in space so these are all the things you

95
00:03:24,789 --> 00:03:22,480
can look at

96
00:03:27,270 --> 00:03:24,799
and try and understand what happens with

97
00:03:28,470 --> 00:03:27,280
the human body in these unusual

98
00:03:29,670 --> 00:03:28,480
conditions

99
00:03:32,710 --> 00:03:29,680
and that's where you all come in because

100
00:03:35,430 --> 00:03:32,720
there's so much data that's correct yeah

101
00:03:37,190 --> 00:03:35,440
so our lab is especially known for being

102
00:03:38,550 --> 00:03:37,200
able to take billions of different kinds

103
00:03:40,390 --> 00:03:38,560
of measurements

104
00:03:42,309 --> 00:03:40,400
and pull it all together to try and make

105
00:03:44,470 --> 00:03:42,319
sense of the data otherwise it's just a

106
00:03:46,070 --> 00:03:44,480
lot of measurements and we really want

107
00:03:48,309 --> 00:03:46,080
to try and understand how do you turn

108
00:03:50,470 --> 00:03:48,319
measurements into knowledge how do we

109
00:03:52,869 --> 00:03:50,480
see really the biochemical pathways that

110
00:03:55,589 --> 00:03:52,879
change and what does that mean in terms

111
00:03:57,589 --> 00:03:55,599
of the human body and physiology and

112
00:03:59,110 --> 00:03:57,599
again try and use that information to

113
00:04:00,470 --> 00:03:59,120
help

114
00:04:03,270 --> 00:04:00,480
the individual

115
00:04:04,789 --> 00:04:03,280
you know maybe recover from any adverse

116
00:04:05,990 --> 00:04:04,799
thing that might occur

117
00:04:07,509 --> 00:04:06,000
so does this only have space

118
00:04:09,830 --> 00:04:07,519
applications or does it also have earth

119
00:04:11,910 --> 00:04:09,840
applications well i think it has both

120
00:04:14,070 --> 00:04:11,920
space and earth applications obviously

121
00:04:15,509 --> 00:04:14,080
the space is the immediate one but i

122
00:04:17,749 --> 00:04:15,519
don't think we know

123
00:04:19,749 --> 00:04:17,759
how the human body reacts to all kinds

124
00:04:22,550 --> 00:04:19,759
of different conditions but we'd like to

125
00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:22,560
understand the different kinds of

126
00:04:26,310 --> 00:04:24,400
responses the human body has with

127
00:04:29,030 --> 00:04:26,320
different kinds of stresses

128
00:04:31,990 --> 00:04:29,040
and maybe by understanding one unusual

129
00:04:34,310 --> 00:04:32,000
way like radiation in space or this

130
00:04:35,590 --> 00:04:34,320
launch that would help us learn how to

131
00:04:37,510 --> 00:04:35,600
manage some of the other stress

132
00:04:38,629 --> 00:04:37,520
responses that occur as well we just

133
00:04:39,749 --> 00:04:38,639
don't know